A machine that conveyed a liquid or booster a liquid. A pump in the broad sense is a machine that conveyed or pressurized it, including some machinery that conveyed the gas.
The pump passes the energy of the mechanical energy or other energy of the original motive to the liquid to increase the energy of the liquid.
The promotion of water is very important for human life and production. There are various ancient water appliances, such as chain pump in Egypt (before seventeenth Century), China shadoof (before seventeenth Century), Burton (before eleventh Century), water (first Century AD), and third Century BC in ancient Greece Archimedes invented the spiral rod. Around 200 BC, the ancient Greek craftsman Kurt Siby Lucius invented the most original piston pump - fire extinguishing pump. As early as in 1588, there was a record about the 4 Blade slide pump, and a variety of other rotary pumps appeared in the future.
In 1689, the French D. Papan invented the volute centrifugal pump impeller blade 4. In 1818, a centrifugal pump with a radial straight blade, a semi open double suction impeller and a worm shell appeared in the United States. In 1840~1850 years, H.R. Worthington of the United States invented the piston pump directly acting on the pump cylinder and steam cylinder, marking the formation of the modern piston pump. In the past 1851~1875 years, a multistage centrifugal pump with a guide blade was invented successively, making it possible to develop a high lift centrifugal pump.
Subsequently, a variety of pumps came out successively. With the application of various advanced technologies, the efficiency of the pump is gradually improved, and the range and application of the pump are expanding.
There are a wide variety of pumps, according to the working principle can be divided into:
The power type pump, also called pump or impeller vane pump, fire pump on dynamic effect of rotation of the impeller on the liquid, the liquid pump to continuous energy transfer to the liquid, the liquid kinetic energy (mainly) and the pressure will increase, then converting kinetic energy into pressure energy through the discharge chamber, and can be divided into centrifugal pump, axial flow pump, partial flow pump and vortex pump etc..
(2) the positive displacement pump transfers the energy periodically to the liquid by the periodic change of the sealing working space of the liquid containing liquid, so that the pressure of the liquid increases to the forced discharge of the liquid. According to the movement form of the working element, it can also be divided into reciprocating pump and rotary pump.
(3) other types of pumps to transfer energy in other forms. As the jet pump work on high-speed jet of fluid will be required to transport fluid suction pump after mixing for momentum exchange in order to transfer energy; diaphragm pump water hammer pump using part of the water flow of the brake is to rise to a certain height of energy transfer; the electromagnetic pump is made of liquid metal flow in the electric power generated under the action of magnetic force and realize delivery. In addition, the pump can also be classified according to the nature of the liquid, the driving method, the structure, the use and so on.
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